Quarks to Quasars

What are quarks, and why do they have colors and flavors?

Quarks make up all matter, but have never been seen by themselves. And they have “flavors” and “colors” — though neither term has any relevance to what they actually do. Let’s take a look at why we need quarks to understand the world, and what their “colors” and “flavors” actually mean.

For many people, the question is, why do we need quarks at all? This pops up a lot, especially when people learn that quarks cannot be separated from each other and so we haven’t ever seen one on its own. Aren’t elementary particles like protons and neutrons enough? Why do we need to break them up further, to understand the universe?

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